Alphavirus RNA synthesis and non-structural protein functions

The Enigmatic Alphavirus Non-Structural Protein 3 (nsP3) Revealing Its Secrets at Last

Alphaviruses encode 4 non-structural proteins (nsPs), most of which have well-understood functions in capping and membrane association (nsP1), polyprotein processing and RNA helicase activity (nsP2) and as RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (nsP4). The function of nsP3 has been more difficult to pin down and it has long been referred to as the more enigmatic of the nsPs. The protein comprises three d...

Alphavirus and flavivirus glycoproteins: Structures and functions

When, after years of biochemical, biophysical, and genetic work, the understanding of a biomolecular process finally reaches the st ructural level, standards change. Macromolecules familiar as gel bands, sequences, and antigens suddenly become easier to envision as three-dimensional physical objects, and their functional roles are more tangible. Even the language changes: words such as swivelin...

Synthesis a New Viral Base Vector Carrying Single Guide RNA (sgRNA) and Green Florescent Protein (GFP)

CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful gene editing tool in vivo and in vitro. Currently, CRISPR/Cas9 delivery cells or tissue with different vehicles are available, and Adeno- associated virus (AAV) in one of them. Due to AAV packaging size limitation, AAV base vectors that carry CRISPR/Cas9 system do not have florescent tag like GFP for simple detection and navigation of cells, containing AAV. The ...

RNA Codewords and Protein Synthesis

Ribosomal protein S6 associates with alphavirus nonstructural protein 2 and mediates expression from alphavirus messages.

Although alphaviruses dramatically alter cellular function within hours of infection, interactions between alphaviruses and specific host cellular proteins are poorly understood. Although the alphavirus nonstructural protein 2 (nsP2) is an essential component of the viral replication complex, it also has critical auxiliary functions that determine the outcome of infection in the host. To gain a...